Hinge for doors and like movable objects.



PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

No. 850,422. "0. M.. EDWARDS.

HINGE FOR 9003s AND LIKE MOVABLE OBJE APPLICATION IILED MAR-16. 1'905.

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HINGE FOR DOORS AND LIKE MOVABLE OBJECTS.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR 1 1905.

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HINGE FOR DOORS AND LIKE MOVABLE OBJECTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 16, 190?.

Application filed March 16, 1905. Serial No. 250,486.

To (.LZZ [Jill/0TH; it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER M. EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, county of Onondaga, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hinges for Doors and Like Movable Objects, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

My invention relates generally to the manufacture of hinges for doors and similarly-mounted objects which turn on pivotal connections or means in moving from one position to another, and has for its object generally the construction of hinges of equal or greater strength, of improved appearance, and which are more readily and cheaply made than the hinges heretofore in use; and it consists in the construction and combination of the parts or devices hereinafter set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims, which form a part of this specification.

My invention is particularly well adapted to the providing of hinges for platform trap-doors of railwaycars or similarlymounted movable parts and which may be subjected to extra hard usages from one cause or another and require that the hinge and door or other movable part be readily and firmly secured together. One form of such hinges is seen in reissued Letters Patent No. 11,844, dated August 7, 1900, granted to George E. Seymour and Ferdinand Kahler. As there shown the hinge is made to receive a spring by which the door may be actuated in one direction, or its movements are more or less controlled. While this feature is no necessary part of the present invention, it is one that is readily provided for in my improved hinges-that is, my invention provides a form of hinge in which a spring or springs may be used, as shown in this Seymour and Kahler reissued patent, with little additional expense, if it is desired to thus utilize the space within the hinge for this purpose,

whether such hinge be of the particular form shown in such patent or of some other spe.

cial form. Hinges of this general character may have the male member or members of the pivotal means fixedly or otherwise secured to the door, or the female member or 1 members may be thus secured to the door, as

one chooses. As shown in this reissued patent the male members of the hmge are 1 formed integral with the portions rigidly affixed tothe door, and hence these portions of piece of material*for instance, as casting. in practice 1t has been found very drfhcult to strength without either using expensive materials and a comparatively moderate amount of labor in getting the hinge in proper shape or using less expensive materials and. an excessive amount of labor to accomplish this result. The hinge in either case is an eX- pensive one to construct and apply.

My improved. hinge is constructed from different pieces of material to a greater extent than heretofore, and it may have the portion secured to the door constructed out of different kinds of material, if so desired. For instance, the pivotal portions may be made from material of one kind well adapted for strength and long wear by the use of a comparatively small amount of that kind of material, and other parts may be made from material of another and cheaper kind well adapted to serve its intended purpose without an undue amount thereof being used.

Like letters of reference wherever they oc cur indicate corresponding parts in the sev eral figures of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows in plan view one embodi- 'ment of my invention, where portions of a door are shown mounted, as in a carplat form, and with the hinge members or pivotal means attached to the platform exposed to view by breaking away portions thereof. Fig. 2 shows in edge view the door removed from the platform. Fig. 3 illustrates the immovable and female member of the hinge mounted at the left of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 illustrates the male and movable member, which coacts with the member seen in Fig. 3, but detached from the rest of the hinge. Fig. 5 illustrates the female member attachable to the hinge and door at the right-hand edge thereof. Fig. 6 illustrates the male member to be attached to the platform or other portion to which the door or other movable part is to be hinged. Fig. 7 illustrates in plan view a modified form of hinge construction with the door or hinged part partially broken away, and wherein the male member attached to the door at the left-hand edge is hollow, and the space within the hinge is adapted to receive a spring, springs, or other desired part somewhat as the spring is received in the hinge of the construction shown the hinge are usually formed by a single produce hinges of this character of sufficient ICS in this reissued Patent No. 11,844. Fig. 8 showsin edge View that which is seen from the left of Fig. 7. Fig; 9 shows in edge view that portion of the hinge which receives the pivotal members of the hinge which move with the door and to which the latter is secured and which for convenience may be termed the shell or receiving portion. Fig. 10 shows the hollow male portion of the hinge seen at the left of Fig. 7 when detached and separate from the receiving or shell portion of the hinge. Fig. 11 shows that member of the hinge seen at the right of Fig. 7, when the same is separated from such receiving portion. Fig. 12 shows in end view the part seen in Fig. 11, which, as shown, is adapted to receive one member of the hinge somewhat of the form shown in Fig. 6 and also one end of a spring or springs, such end or ends being received in the squared opening seen. Fig. 13 shows in longitudinal section the part of the hinge seen in Figs. 11 and 12. Fig. 14 shows in edge view a modified form of receiving or shell portion. Fig. 15 shows in edge view another modified form or shape of shell or receiving portion. Fig. 16 shows a form of male-hinge member adapted to be received in the shell portion seen in Fig. 15. Fig. 17 illustrates the manner of attaching the hinge when completed to the door or other hinged member of the structure to which it is to be applied.

The different portions of these hinges may be constructed in any known or desired manner, accordingly as individual circumstances seems to make it most convenient or desirable. Where the receiving or shell portion is to be of the form seen in Figs. 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 15, and 17, I prefer to form such portion by forming it into shape out of sheet metal by means of dies of suitable form to give the desired form or shape to such portions. This may be accomplished by known or desired methods of stamping mot al. Under circumstances where it is thought that the best results can be accomplished by the use of material of varying thickness these shell portions may be given the desired shape or form by the use of any desired means or method conveniently at hand, which is adapted for the purpose. In practice I have found it satisfactory to construct the parts or members which are to be secured to the receiving or shell portion by the method of casting and using material of good-wearing qualities, both as to strength and otherwise, as these parts require but a small proportion of the weight of material composing the shell portion.

In Figs. 1 to 63, inclusive, A represents the door or other part which is to be hinged in position for use, and B represents the platform or other structure to which the door or other part is to be hinged. The receiving or shell portion of the hinge is designated C, and as here shown is secured to the door by being received between two extending or flange portions 0 c, with fastenings passing through such flange portions and entering the portion of the door thus received by such portions. D D represent the pivotal portions of the hinge which are received by the shell portion. E E represent the pivotal portions of the hinge mounted upon the platform or other structure to which the hinge is to be applied, which portions coact with the portions received by the shell portion as hinges usually act. The pivotal portions of the hinge here shown, which are attached to the shell portion and move with the door as it moves, are designated as D and D, respec tively, and the portions of the pivotal means mounted on the platform or other structure, with which the parts D and D coact, are designated E and E, respectively, the parts D and E, respectively, being male members of the hinge and the parts D and E, respectively, being the female members thereof. These several male and female members of the hinge form the pivotal means by which the door or other part is hinged to the structure in position to be used.

\Vhen the shell portion of the hinge has been suitably formed by stamping, with dies or otherwise, and the parts D and D have been suitably constructed to be received by the shell portion, they are placed in proper position in such receiving or shell portion and secured therein by any suitable and desired means, as by riveting, in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, where the rivets a; pass entirely through such receivingportion and the parts D and D, suitable openings being made to admit such rivets.

That portion of the door or other part to be hung which is to swing to the least extent is received between the flange portions 0 and c of the portion C, and any suitable or desired fastenings may be employed to secure the same together, such as screws, as indicated in Fig. 2, which will firmly fasten the door and hinge together. The door is then pivotally mounted to the platform or other structure by the parts E and E being secured in place thereon with the parts 6 and e in proper coasting relations with the parts (Z and d of the hinge.

If it is desired to utilize the space between the shell portion and the door and use a spring or springs, connecting at one end to the door and at the other to the platform by arranging such spring or springs on the axial line of the hinge, as shown in said. reissued Patent No. 11,8 14, or otherwise, it can be done by constructing the parts of the hinge received by the shell portion, as seen in Figs. 7 to 13, inclusive, and then securing them to the shell portion, as seen in Fig. 7. As shown in these Figs. 7, 8, and 9, the shell portion'is of slightly different form or shape from the corresponding portion of the hinge shown in preceding figures; but for the purposes of the present invention the two forms 'are substantially the same, because the invention does not reside in any more shape or form of the several individual parts which go.

order to be formed into shapes, such as shown,

herein, by means of dies, and such metal is compressed and. somewhat hardened by the action of the dies thereupon in. the shapingup operation, and. this renders the shell por tion of the hinge stiffer than in the case of metal not thus compressed. and hardened. Hence material of a less thickness for a given amount of strength is obtained by thus forming such portion from sheet metal. A represents the door or other hinged part, 0 the shell portion of the hinge, c and c the flange or extending portions of the shell or receiving portion, one of which flanges c is of greater extent than the other, and D and D represent the pivotal parts of the hinge to be receivod by such shell portion C. Pivotal portion D constructed witl'i an opening (1 longitudinally thereof, as indicated in 8, and 10, having a male pivotal. portion, as in the case of portion D, seen in preceding lig ures, which is to be received by any suitable form of female membersuch, for instance, as seen inv reissued Patent No. 11,844 or in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings herein, and by which the door is pivotally secured to the structure wherein used This opening, d, in this part d permits a spring or springs to extend therethrough and be connected to the platform at one end and to the door at the other end. axially of the hinge of the door or other hinged part. This in many cases is of considerable importance, as it permits of the placing of the spring or springs in a manner to very effectively act on the door and to be concealed from view with large economy of space. An opening cl, preferably of rectangular shape, is formed in the part (Z as indicated in liigs. 12 and 13, to receive one end of a spring or springs of the general. character indicated in said reissued Patent No. 11,84 l, so that as th door turns on its hinge the end or one s of the spring or springs turn with it, putting such spring or springs under increased tension as the doors move in one direction to return such door in the opposite direction. Th this part D is adapted to thus receive one end or ends of a spring or springs, and it is also adapted to receive the male member in the opening d in a similar manner to that the member e of the part E, attached to a platform, is received by the opening at in the part D. (Seen in Figs. 1, 5, and 6 of the drawings.)

If desired, metal of differing thicknesses instead of uniform thickness may be rsed in practicing the present inventionas, for instance, as seen in Fig. 14, where the shell por tion is formed with the extending or flange portion 0* thicker than an T other part of such shell portion. This shell portion (J is adapted to receive the door and the parts, as D and D the same as is the case with the shell portion C. (Seen in 7, 8, and 9.) '1 his shell portion 0 may be formed in any desired manner by the rse of any kind of means blIlOZgllb most convenient for the purpose, whether it be by forcing metal under great pressure thro; gh a die or by rolling a sheet or plate of differing thicknesses and then bending the same into the desired shape by well known processes or methods of manipulating metals.

Other forms of shell portions may be emloyed, if desired, and st ch portions may be attached to the scat, door, or other part to be hinged in any desired manner, one of which is seen in Figs. and 17, wherein A repre sents the seat, door, or other part, C the shell portion, and D* the pivotal part having the male member d, which is to be received and secured to the shell portion, which in. tern is to be sect red to the door or other part. As seen in Fig. 17 the shell portion C is attached to one srrfaee of the door or seat by two on tstanding flanges or extending por tions and bolts or fastening devices passing throt'gh both the door and the flanges of st ch portion. As here seen the part D' is received within the shell portion and is secured thereto by rivets 1: as shown, or such part may be secured to the shell portion in any other desired manner or by any other means.

These hinges are adapted for se in connection with platform trap-doors or other parts which are to be moved from one position to another whether such parts move in one direction or another relatively to the main structure to which they are to be hinged or .pivotally mounted. Hence the brief term door, as used in the claims hereunto annexed, includes all such parts which are to be hinged to a str'c eture and move from one po sition to another as a door moves.

I have herein shown and described. diflering forms or shapes of shell portions with differing forms or shapes of parts to be received thereby and secured thereto and those forms or shapes will naturally s'iiggest to theminds of others skilled in the art still other forms or shapes, and hence I do not care to limit myselfto the specific shapes or forms shown. but wish to include all forms or shapes which serve the functions or accomplishes the work served or accomplished by such specific forms or shapes this shown, in substantially the manner herein set forth.

What I claim as new is 1. In a hinge the combination, substantially as set forth, of a shell portion adapted to receive pivotal means, pivotal means adapted to be received by and be secrired to such portion so as to move therewith as such portion moves, and other pivotal means adapted to coact with the pivotal means seoiired to the shell portion.

2. In a hinge the combination, srbstantially as set forth, of a shell portion adapted to be attached to a door and to receive pivotal means to be directly see; red to siich portion, pivotal means adapted to be received by and secured to S'LIClI portion, and other pivotal means adapted to be seczred to a strrctrre and hinge the door thereto.

3. In a hin e the combination, s'zibstantially as set forth, of a shell portion provided with flange portions by which the shell portion may be attached to a door, pivotal means directly secured to the shell portion, and other pivotal means adapted to be seerred to a structure and hinge the door thereto.

4. In a hinge the combination, substantially as set forth, of a shell portion provided with flange portions adapted to receive a portion of a door between them to directly se crre the door thereto, pivotal means seciired to the shell portion, and other pivotal means adapted to be sec'tired to a structure and hinge the door thereto.

5. In a hinge the combination, substantially as set forth, of a shell portion provided tween which separate portions of material to form pivotal means may be received and seciired thereto, pivotal means composed of pieces of material separate from the shell portions thereof, and other pivotal means adapted to be secured to a structure and hinge the door thereto.

6. In a hinge the combination, substantially as set forth, of a shell portion adapted to receive two pivotal members, one of i which is provided With an opening longitudinally of the same adapting siich member to receive another part, and other pivotal means adapted to be secured to a structure and hinge such shell portion thereto.

7. In a hinge the combination substan tially as set forth, of a shell portion formed tip from sheet metal by bending and adapted to receive pivotal means, pivotal means adapted to be received by and be secured to s11ch portion, and other pivotal means adaptk i i l i the shell portion.

tially as set forth, of a shell portion formed rp from sheet metal of differing thicknesses by bending and adapted to receive pivotal means, pivotal means adapted to be received and secr red to srich portion, and pivotal l means adapted to coact with the pivotal means secured to the shell portion.

OLIVER M. EDWARDS.

I l i l l l l r I i l r l lVitnesses EDNA A. LADD,

{ FRANK D. DEUEL.

j with two substantially parallel portions be ed to coact with thepivotal means secured to 8. In a hinge the combination, substanportion adapted to be secured to the parallel 

